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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-4184 | Impact factor: 8.76 | ESTD Year: 2016 Scholarly open access journals, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 8.76 (Calculate by google scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool) , Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Indexing in all major database & Metadata, Citation Generator, Digital Object Identifier(DOI) |
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| Paper Title: | Coal bed Methane Produced Water Quality and its Management in Rajhara Coalary |
| Authors Name: | Manoj Kumar Singh , Dr. K.K Mishra , K. Swarnim |
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| Author Reg. ID: |
IJNRD_198561
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| Published Paper Id: | IJNRD2306103 |
| Published In: | Volume 8 Issue 6, June-2023 |
| DOI: | |
| Abstract: | Natural gas produced from coal beds (coal-bed methane, CBM) accounts for about 7.5 percent of the total natural gas production in the United States. Along with this gas, water is also brought to the surface. The amount of water produced from most CBM wells is relatively high compared to conventional natural gas wells because coal beds contain many fractures and pores that can contain and transmit large volumes of water. In some areas, coal beds may function as regional or local aquifers and important sources for ground water. Coalbed methane (CBM) recovery is associated with production of large quantity of groundwater. The coal seams are depressurized by pumping of water for regular and consistent gas production. Usually, CBM operators need to pump [10 m3 of water per day from one well, which depends on the aquifer characteristics, drainage and recharge pattern. In India, 32 CBM blocks have been awarded for exploration and production, out of which six blocks are commercially producing methane gas at 0.5 million metric standard cubic feet per day. Large amount of water is being produced from CBM producing blocks, but no specific information or data are available for geochemical properties of CBM-produced water and its suitable disposal or utilization options for better management. CBM operators are in infancy and searching for the suitable solutions for optimal management of produced water. CBM- and mine-produced water needs to be handled considering its physical and geochemical assessment, because it may have environmental as well as long-term impact on aquifer. Investigations were carried out to evaluate geochemical and hydrogeological conditions of CBM blocks in rajhara coalary. Totally, 15 water samples from CBM well head and nine water samples from mine disposal head were collected from Rajhara coalray. Totally, 15 water samples from CBM well head and nine water samples from mine disposal head were collected from Rajhara coalary. The chemical signature of produced water reveals high sodium and bicarbonate concentrations with low calcium and magnesium, and very low sulphate in CBM water. It is comprehend that CBM water is mainly of Na–HCO3 type and coal mine water is of Ca– Mg–SO4 and HCO3–Cl–SO4 type. The comparative studies are also carried out for CBM- and mine-produced water considering the geochemical properties, aquifer type, depth of occurrence and lithological formations. Suitable options like impounding, reverse osmosis, irrigation and industrial use after prerequisite treatments are suggested. However, use of this huge volume of CBM and mine-produced water for irrigation or other beneficial purposes may require careful management based on water pH, EC, TDS, alkalinity, bicarbonate, sodium, fluoride, metals content and SAR values. This paper presents the basic information on various physical and geochemical aspects of CBM- and coal mine produced water. It also focuses on, how it is to be managed and regulated using suitable suggested options under environmental settings at Rajhara Coalfield. |
| Keywords: | CBM and coal mine, water Quality, Geochemical Utilization and disposal options. |
| Cite Article: | "Coal bed Methane Produced Water Quality and its Management in Rajhara Coalary", International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org), ISSN:2456-4184, Vol.8, Issue 6, page no.b17-b25, June-2023, Available :http://www.ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2306103.pdf |
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| ISSN: |
2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID:IJNRD2306103 Registration ID: 198561 Published In: Volume 8 Issue 6, June-2023 DOI (Digital Object Identifier): Page No: b17-b25 Country: -, -, - Research Area: Engineering Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2306103 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2306103 |
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