Paper Title
Immunological and Virological Outcomes Among People Living with HIV1 or HIV2 subtypes on HIV1-antiretroviral treatment in Njombe and Dar Es salaam region, Tanzania: A Hospital Based Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
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Registration ID: IJNRD_200736
Published ID: IJNRD2307428
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Keywords
HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV 1+2 Dual Infection, Regimen, Antirétroviral therapy
Abstract
Background: Human immunodeficient Virus type one (HIV-1) and type two (HIV-2) are the two known global HIV types that result in HIV-1+2 dual infection. Despite the proof of HIV-2 and dual infection in Tanzania, the HIV-1 Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) regimen is the only drug used for treatment of both HIV types. This study aimed to determine the virological and immunological response to ART treatment based on the HIV subtypes among the HIV patients who are on HIV-1 ART regimen at the HIV Care and Treatment Center (HCTC) in Njombe and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2021 among 300 HIV patients who were on HIV-1 ART treatment from 2017 to 2021. HIV rapid tests were used to determine the prevalence of HIV subtypes, and FACS and M-PIMATMHIV-1/2 VL were used to determine CD4 T-Cells count and viral loads copies, respectively. Prevalence of HIV subtypes was estimated, and linear regression, an odds ratio (OR), 95% with confidence intervals (CIs), and a p-value ≤0.001 were used to determine the association between HIV subtypes and CD4 and viral load responses. Results: The study recruited 140 (46.7%) men and 160 (53.3%) women. Females had a higher proportion of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV1+2 dual infections compared to men. The median (IQR) CD4 count in HIV-1 was 252 (149-497) cells/ml with viral load of 8.21 (3.3) log10 copies/ml compared to HIV-2 with 133 (86-321) cells/mL with viral load of l9.26 (3.4) log10 copies/ml and HIV 1+2 dual infection with CD4 count 210 (140-362) cells/mL with viral load of 8.7 (3.6) log10 copies/participants with HIV-1 subtype had higher CD4+ T cell counts and lower plasma RNA viral loads compared to individual with HIV-2 and or dual infections. Conclusion: This study shows poor immunological and virological outcomes for HIV-2 and dual infection HIV participants as indicated by low CD4 count and high viral load copies during the course of treatment. Therefore, new and safe ART regimens for HIV-2 and dual infections are needed.
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How To Cite (APA)
Kigumi Hamimu Omary, Prof. Mmbaga Blandina Theophil , Nyanda Elias, Ntinginya, Olomi Willyhelmina, & Vianney John-Marry (July-2023). Immunological and Virological Outcomes Among People Living with HIV1 or HIV2 subtypes on HIV1-antiretroviral treatment in Njombe and Dar Es salaam region, Tanzania: A Hospital Based Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 8(7), e240-e249. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2307428.pdf
Issue
Volume 8 Issue 7, July-2023
Pages : e240-e249
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_200736
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2307428
Research Area: Health ScienceÂ
Author Type: Foreign Author
Country: Arusha, Arusha, Tanzania
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2307428.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2307428
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