Paper Title
“Carbon-Based Nanodots: Recent Advances in Fabrication, Functional Properties, and Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy”
Article Identifiers
Registration ID: IJNRD_309746
Published ID: IJNRD2510108
: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v10i10.309746
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Keywords
Carbon Nanodots, Drug Delivery, Cancer Therapy, Nanomedicine, Photoluminescence, Surface Functionalization, Theragnostic.
Abstract
physicochemical properties, remarkable biocompatibility, and tunable optical features. These nanostructures, typically smaller than 10 nm, are perfect for biomedical applications due to their high surface area, strong photoluminescence, and ease of functionalization. Over the past ten years, a lot of research has been done on the development of flexible manufacturing techniques, including bottom-up strategies like pyrolysis, hydrothermal, and microwave-assisted procedures, as well as top-down strategies like arc discharge and laser ablation. Utilizing natural biomass, green synthesis has also surfaced, providing environmentally friendly alternatives with comparable structural and functional characteristics’' intrinsic qualities such as their small size, surface functional groups, and high solubility allow for controlled release and efficient drug loading, which has significant advantages for targeted cancer treatment. Functionalization methods like ligand conjugation and PEGylation further enhance their stability, biocompatibility, and tumor-targeting potential. CNDs facilitate passive targeting via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and active targeting via receptor-mediated pathways. Stimuli-responsive designs have enhanced therapeutic effects and decreased systemic toxicity by allowing precise spatiotemporal medication release that is triggered by light, temperature, or pH. Apart from conventional chemotherapy, CNDs have shown remarkable potential in gene transfer, theragnostic applications, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and the integration of imaging and therapy on a single platform. Reproducibility, long-term stability, large-scale production, and comprehensive in vivo safety assessment remain challenges despite these positive advancements. The potential of carbon-based nanodots as efficient and adaptable drug delivery vehicles for cancer treatment is emphasized in this review, which also highlights recent advancements in their production, structural and functional characterization, and biomedical applications. More research focusing on clinical translation, hybrid nanostructures, and tailored treatment strategies is expected to improve the utility of CNDs and create new opportunities for precision oncology.
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How To Cite (APA)
Osayd Abdulsamad Radhi, Munjurul Islam, Sanjida Akhter, Ali zuhair Baldawi, & Mustafa Heshmat Ali (October-2025). “Carbon-Based Nanodots: Recent Advances in Fabrication, Functional Properties, and Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy”. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 10(10), b59-b70. https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v10i10.309746
Issue
Volume 10 Issue 10, October-2025
Pages : b59-b70
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_309746
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2510108
Research Area: Pharmacy All
Author Type: Indian Author
Country: Visakhapatnam, Andhra pradesh, India
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2510108.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2510108
Crossref DOI: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v10i10.309746
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