Paper Title
OZONATION OF SOME AZO DYES: STUDY OF OXIDATION BY-PRODUCTDS FORMED DURING OZONATION
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Registration ID: IJNRD_309948
Published ID: IJNRD2510187
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Keywords
Ozonation; Acid Red 14; Congo Red; Reactive Black 5; Reactive Violet 5
Abstract
Ozonation has been applied to many fields in water and wastewater treatment. The effect of ozonation on the degradation process of azo dyes CI Acid Red14 (AR14), Congo Red (CR), CI Reactive Black 5(RB5), and CI Reactive Violet 5(RV5) has been studied in the semi batch rector with an influent ozone concentration of 58.5 mg/l. and flow of 0.5 l/min. The parameters such as pH, color, absorbance (at maximum wavelength), conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) were monitored during the ozonation process at different time intervals. Intermediate by-products formed during the ozonation of synthetic dye solutions were identified by derivatization with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride(PFBHA) and subsequent extraction follwed by GC/MS analysis. Intermediate ozonation by-products identified are alcohol, aldehydes, acetone, glyoxal, glycodial and organic acids During the ozonation process the rapid decrease in pH and sharp increase of conductivity indicated the formation of acidic by-products and ions which were identified by high performance ion chromatography. Sulfate, nitrate, formate and oxalate were identified as main oxidation by-products. Formation of nitrate is presumably the result of the oxidation and cleavage of azo and amino groups while sulfate formation is due to oxidation and cleavage of sulfonic acid groups. COD and TOC were seen to decline for all the dyes with ozonation time but reduction in COD was more efficient then reduction in TOC. Results obtained confirm that ozonation is highly effective in removing the color of synthetic dye solutions. COD and TOC removals were however less complete, suggesting production of colorless ozonation by-products.
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How To Cite (APA)
Umesh Kumar Khare & Purnendu Bose (October-2025). OZONATION OF SOME AZO DYES: STUDY OF OXIDATION BY-PRODUCTDS FORMED DURING OZONATION. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 10(10), b755-b765. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2510187.pdf
Issue
Volume 10 Issue 10, October-2025
Pages : b755-b765
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Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_309948
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2510187
Research Area: Science and Technology
Author Type: Indian Author
Country: Modasa, District- Arvalli, Gujarat, India
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2510187.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2510187
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