Paper Title
Deliverance of Mother Earth by Bioleaching: Solution for e-waste
Article Identifiers
Registration ID: IJNRD_310222
Published ID: IJNRD2511027
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Keywords
Bioleaching, e-waste, Sustainability, eco friendly metal extraction, proteomics, waste management, gold recovery ,microbe oriented, biohydrometallurgy
Abstract
Bioleaching, the microbial extraction of metals, possesses the ability to be an environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional metallurgical processes. Carrying out the extraction under mild environmental conditions, bioleaching ensures reduced energy input and undesirable emissions but achieves the efficient recovery of metals. In this review, the latest bioleaching technologies, microbial diversity, and the integration of omics-based technologies for the optimization of the process are considered. Microorganisms including Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Leptospirillum ferriphilum, and Chromobacterium violaceum have metabolic features allowing the dissolution of metals through the production of sulfuric acid or cyanide substances. Specifically, bioleaching represents an attractive methodology for the environmentally benign treatment of e-waste, which abundantly contains precious metals including gold and copper, even the amounts are higher than those contained in natural ores. Through microbial processes, metals are brought to solubilization under ambient pressure and temperature, ensuring the mitigation of ecological risks while recovering the valuable components for recirculation. Integration of genomics, proteomics, and metagenomics has broadened the understanding of microbial biofilm formation, resistance to oxidative stress, and tolerance of metals, resulting in the better engineering of strains for higher yields of recovery. Statistical approaches like Response Surface Methodology and designs of the Central Composite and Box-Behnken make possible the optimization of key parameters, like pH, temperature, pulp density, and size of the inoculum. Bioleaching processes are now applied beyond the classical copper and uranium extraction to the production of cobalt, nickel, the rare earths, and lithium from varied feedstocks like spent batteries and waste of industry. Novel technological innovations like the application of modular bioreactors and the in situ or space bioleaching exemplify the flexibility and the scalability of the technology. In general, bioleaching is one of the major technologies of the circular economy, transforming wastes into resources and contributing towards the sustainable metal recovery and the promotion of the green energy transition globally.
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How To Cite (APA)
Mridul Gupta, Akriti Srivastava, Harshit Yadav, Sumit Kumar Pandey, & Anupam Singh (November-2025). Deliverance of Mother Earth by Bioleaching: Solution for e-waste. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 10(11), a213-a239. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2511027.pdf
Issue
Volume 10 Issue 11, November-2025
Pages : a213-a239
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Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_310222
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2511027
Research Area: Other area not in list
Author Type: Indian Author
Country: Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2511027.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2511027
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