Respiratory Dysfunction in Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Registration ID: IJNRD_310594

Published ID: IJNRD2511232

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Misunam Yirang, Sweta Kumari Shah, Shivpriya Sharma

Guillain–Barre Syndrome, Respiratory dysfunction, mechanical ventilation AMAN, AMSAN, demyelinating polyneuritis.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute, progressive autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system that leads to bilateral limb weakness and paralysis. Respiratory dysfunction is one of the most serious and life-threatening complications, affecting approximately 20–30% of patients and significantly contributing to morbidity and mortality. This narrative review explores the causes and predictors of respiratory dysfunction in GBS and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and intervention for improved outcomes. An extensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Medscape, reviewing studies published between 2019 and 2025, including cases related to COVID-19 and pediatric populations. Respiratory failure in GBS primarily results from weakness of the diaphragm and accessory respiratory muscles, cranial nerve involvement, and bulbar dysfunction. Key predictors of the need for mechanical ventilation include low Medical Research Council (MRC) scores, facial and bulbar weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and axonal variants such as Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN) Acute Motor and Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN). Pediatric patients, especially those with the AMAN subtype, are at higher risk. Early identification using tools such as the Hughes GBS Disability Scale (HGDS) and biomarkers like the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) can guide timely respiratory support. In conclusion, respiratory dysfunction in GBS is multifactorial and frequently necessitates intensive care. Early detection and intervention are crucial to improving prognosis and reducing respiratory complications.

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Misunam Yirang, Sweta Kumari Shah, & Shivpriya Sharma (November-2025). Respiratory Dysfunction in Guillain-Barre Syndrome . INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 10(11), c329-c337. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2511232.pdf

Volume 10 Issue 11, November-2025

Pages : c329-c337

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_310594

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2511232

Research Area: Health Science All

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2511232.pdf

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Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

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