SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT-AN ANALYTICAL CASE STUDY OF GREY ECONOMY IN THE BALASORE DISTRICT, ODISHA

Registration ID: IJNRD_312086

Published ID: IJNRD2602001

: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i2.312086

About Hard Copy and Transparent Peer Review Report

SOURAV PATTANAYAK, SRINAGESH BATHULA

Grey economy, Sustainable Development, Factor and Non-factor income, Socio economic status, Umbra, Penumbra

This paper provides a theoretical analysis of the grey economy in the Balasore district, Odisha, exploring its dual impact on various socio-economic dimensions. Framed through the concepts of “umbra” and “penumbra” the influence of grey economy is examined across several factors which include factor and non-factor income, religious and cultural dynamics, labor and work force conditions and the land scape of local businesses. In this paper the “UMBRA” represents the negative impact of grey economy i.e. all the unregulated economic activities that create all the challenges for the formal economic systems, reduce government revenue and complicate regulatory oversight. These unstructured operations of grey economy often led to wage insecurity, reduce consumer protections and limitations in social services and finally create hurdle for the sustainable urban development. In contrast “PENUMBRA” symbolizes the positive impact of grey economy especially in providing livelihood opportunities to marginalized populations who may lack access to formal employment. For many local businesses and workers, the grey economy serves as a critical economic lifeline which offers flexible income option and fostering resilience among lower income communities. The positive effects are also evident in cultural and religious contexts, where informal economic exchange support local customs and community engagement, maintain socio cultural ties while contributing to the diversities. By analyzing theses socio economic factors this study reveals the complex role of the grey economy in the Balasore’s socio-economic land scape. The grey economies umbra imposes barrier to sustainable development and regulatory compliance, yet its penumbra provides an adaptive economic frame work for those outside the formal economy. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the grey economy’s dual impacts and offers a conceptual basis for policy strategies in similar socio -economic settings.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

SOURAV PATTANAYAK & SRINAGESH BATHULA (February-2026). SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT-AN ANALYTICAL CASE STUDY OF GREY ECONOMY IN THE BALASORE DISTRICT, ODISHA. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 11(2), a1-a12. https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i2.312086

Volume 11 Issue 2, February-2026

Pages : a1-a12

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_312086

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2602001

Research Area: Social Science All

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: BALASORE, ODISHA, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2602001.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2602001

Crossref DOI: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i2.312086

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION | ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION, Low Cost, Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG

© 2026 - Authors hold the copyright of this article. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. and The Open Definition. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). 🛡️ Disclaimer: The content, data, and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been peer-reviewed for academic purposes only. Readers are advised to verify all information before practical or commercial use. The journal and its editorial board are not liable for any errors, losses, or consequences arising from its use.

Call For Paper - Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026

IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, and UGC CARE Journal Publication with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost, and Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication that adheres to the New UGC CARE Transparent Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy and aligns with Scopus Journal Publication standards to ensure the highest level of research quality and credibility.

IJNRD offers comprehensive Journal Publication Services including indexing in all major databases and metadata repositories, Digital Object Identifier (Crossref DOI) assignment for each published article with additional fees, citation generation tools, and full Open Access visibility to enhance global research reach and citation impact.

The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse academic and professional fields. The journal promotes global knowledge exchange among researchers, developers, academicians, engineers, and practitioners, serving as a trusted platform for innovative, peer-reviewed journal publication and scientific collaboration.

Indexing Coverage: Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many other recognized academic repositories.

Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication: IJNRD operates a strict double-blind peer review system managed by 3000+ expert reviewers, ensuring ethical, unbiased, and high-quality review for every research paper.

For Indian Authors : Get a transparent peer review report from Scholar9.com for just ₹1000. View Sample Report

For Foreign Authors : A detailed peer review report is available through Scholar9.com for $20 USD. View Sample Report

Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication

⭐ Transparent Peer Review | 🕵️‍♂️ Double-Blind | 👨‍🏫 3000+ Expert Reviewers | 🇮🇳 Report for India Author ₹1000 | 🌐 Report for Foreign Author $20 | 📄 Sample Reports on Scholar9.com | 🌍 High Credibility | ⚖️ Ethical & Unbiased Evaluation

How to submit the paper?

By Our website

Click Here to Submit Paper Online

By Mail

Send your paper to editor@ijnrd.org

Recently, the UGC discontinued the UGC-CARE Journal List and introduced new parameters that allow publication in Transparent Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journals. IJNRD is Transparent Peer Review Journal Valid As per New UGC Notification.

You can now publish your research paper in IJNRD.ORG. IJNRD is a Transparent Peer-Reviewed Open Access (Refereed Journal), UGC and UGC CARE Approved, Crossref DOI, Multidisciplinary, Impact Factor calculate by Google Scholar. As an International, open-access, and online journal, Publishing with us ensures wider reach, academic credibility, and enhanced recognition for your work.

For more details, refer to the official notice: UGC Public Notice

⭐ Low Cost ₹1570 | 📚 UGC CARE Approved | 🔍 Peer-Reviewed | 🌐 Open Access | 🔗 Crossref DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor | 🧪 Multidisciplinary

Submit Paper Online  Call for Paper  About IJNRD UGC CARE Approval

Important Dates for Current issue

Paper Submission Open For: April 2026

Current Issue: Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026

Impact Factor: 8.76

Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 30-Apr-2026

Notification of Review Result: Transparent peer review process - your paper is evaluated by experts, and you receive acceptance or rejection updates via email and SMS.

Publication of Paper: Once all documents are submitted, your paper is published without delay, and you can instantly download your certificate and confirmation letter online.

Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).

Journal Type: IJNRD is an international open-access journal offering Low Cost Journal Publication, transparent Peer Review Journal Publication, Crossref DOI, and multidisciplinary research visibility under UGC CARE Approved Journal Publication.

Subject Category: Research Area

Approval, Licenses and Indexing: More Details

Call For Paper - Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026

IJNRD.org offers low-cost journal publication starting at ₹1570 with UGC CARE Approved, refereed, peer-reviewed, open-access publishing. This multidisciplinary monthly journal, available in both online and print formats, features a strong Google Scholar-based impact factor of 8.76, Transparent Peer Review, CrossRef DOI, global indexing, fast publication, and complete metadata for maximum research visibility and citation impact across multidisciplinary domains.

Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026 | IJNRD Transparent Peer Review Certificate | Submit Paper Online till 30-Apr-2026

⭐ UGC CARE Approved Refereed Journal | 🔍 Transparent Peer Review | 🌐 Open Access Publishing | 💰 Low-Cost ₹1570 | 🔗 CrossRef DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor 8.76 | 🧪 Multidisciplinary | Online & Print

Submit Paper Online