RECENT PERSPECTIVES ON UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS: PRINCIPLES, INSTRUMENTATION, APPLICATIONS, AND QUANTITATIVE DRUG ESTIMATION

Registration ID: IJNRD_327714

Published ID: IJNRD2608099

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Prabhu S, Deepika K, Devipriya D, Umapathi C

UV-Visible spectrophotometry, pharmaceutical analysis, Beer-Lambert law, electronic transitions, quantitative estimation of the drug, derivative spectrophotometry, multicomponent analysis, chemometrics, quality control.

UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry is among the most widely used analytical methods in pharmaceutical analysis due to its simplicity, speed, affordability, and applicability to routine quantitative measurements. The technique relies on the absorption of ultraviolet and visible radiation by molecules, which causes electronic transitions between molecular energy levels. The review summarizes the basic concept, significant electronic transitions, the Beer-Lambert law, instrumentation, pharmaceutical applications and quantitative methods of UV-Visible spectrophotometry. The influence of chromophores, auxochromes, solvent characteristics, pH, and molecular interaction on the spectra is discussed. The basic elements of UV-Visible spectrophotometers such as radiation sources, monochromators, sample cells, detectors, and signal-processing systems are also discussed, particularly the single-beam designs. Pharmaceutical applications: Identification and Structure Elucidation, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Analysis, Impurity Analysis, Multicomponent Analysis, Dissolution and Stability Analysis, Reaction Monitoring and Coupling with Chromatographic and Process Analytical Technologies. Special emphasis is placed on quantitative drug estimation by direct spectrophotometry, Q-absorbance ratio and dual-wavelength methods. The review also emphasises the growing application of chemometric methods for enhancing selectivity and thus the analysis of complex and multicomponent samples. Despite some drawbacks of spectral overlap, matrix effects, properties of solvents, concentration-dependent deviations and instrumental factors, UV-Visible spectrophotometry is still an important analytical technique in pharmaceutical research, quality assurance, formulation development, and data-processing techniques are still improving and increasing the scope of UV-Visible spectrophotometry in contemporary pharmaceutical analysis.

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Prabhu S, Deepika K, Devipriya D, & Umapathi C (August-2026). RECENT PERSPECTIVES ON UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS: PRINCIPLES, INSTRUMENTATION, APPLICATIONS, AND QUANTITATIVE DRUG ESTIMATION. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 11(8), a917-a925. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2608099.pdf

Volume 11 Issue 8, August-2026

Pages : a917-a925

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_327714

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2608099

Research Area: Pharmacy All

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: -, -, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2608099.pdf

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