From Bypass to Better Function: Physiotherapy After CABG : A Narrative Review

Registration ID: IJNRD_328691

Published ID: IJNRD2609297

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Shreevanya sairam kodam, Ratna Narsingh Yadav , Dr shashwat joshi, Dr priyaranjan chaudhary, DR SUMAN YADAV

Coronary artery bypass grafting; CABG; Physiotherapy; Cardiac rehabilitation; Early mobilization; Respiratory physiotherapy; Inspiratory muscle training; Exercise therapy; Functional capacity; Postoperative rehabilitation

Abstract Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a commonly performed surgical procedure for the management of advanced coronary artery disease. Although CABG can improve cardiac function and symptoms, patients may experience reduced exercise capacity, respiratory dysfunction, muscle weakness, impaired mobility, anxiety, and reduced quality of life during the postoperative period. Physiotherapy and cardiac rehabilitation are therefore important components of postoperative recovery. Objective: To review the available evidence regarding physiotherapy management following CABG, with particular emphasis on respiratory physiotherapy, early mobilization, aerobic exercise, balance training, respiratory muscle training, and cardiac rehabilitation. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted using studies identified through PubMed and Google Scholar. Relevant keywords and Boolean operators were used, including “coronary artery bypass grafting” OR “CABG” combined with “physiotherapy” OR “physical therapy” OR “cardiac rehabilitation” OR “respiratory physiotherapy” OR “exercise therapy” OR “early mobilization” OR “inspiratory muscle training.” Studies examining physiotherapy or rehabilitation interventions in adults following CABG or cardiac surgery were considered. Relevant information regarding study design, intervention, outcome measures, and major findings was extracted and synthesized narratively. Results: The reviewed studies demonstrated beneficial effects of several physiotherapy-based interventions following CABG and cardiac surgery. Chair-based aerobic exercise and slow breathing exercises were associated with improvements in anxiety and exercise tolerance. Early balance training combined with Phase I cardiac rehabilitation improved balance, functional capacity, quality of life, and reduced hospital length of stay. Inspiratory muscle training combined with conventional physiotherapy improved exercise capacity and quality of life during follow-up. Early physiotherapy was associated with changes in respiratory function and functional capacity, highlighting the relationship between pulmonary and physical recovery. However, incentive spirometry and Buerger–Allen exercises did not demonstrate significant additional benefits for their primary outcomes when compared with standard rehabilitation. Hybrid cardiac rehabilitation and respiratory muscle training also produced improvements in respiratory and functional outcomes, although significant between-group differences were not consistently observed. Conclusion: Physiotherapy is an important component of comprehensive rehabilitation following CABG. Early mobilization, respiratory exercises, aerobic conditioning, balance training, inspiratory muscle training, and structured cardiac rehabilitation may contribute to improvements in functional capacity, respiratory performance, psychological well-being, and quality of life. However, the effectiveness of individual interventions varies, and further large-scale randomized controlled trials with standardized protocols and longer follow-up are required to determine the optimal physiotherapy approach following CABG.

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Shreevanya sairam kodam, Ratna Narsingh Yadav , Dr shashwat joshi, Dr priyaranjan chaudhary, & DR SUMAN YADAV (September-2026). From Bypass to Better Function: Physiotherapy After CABG : A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 11(9), c953-c967. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2609297.pdf

Volume 11 Issue 9, September-2026

Pages : c953-c967

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_328691

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2609297

Research Area: Health Science All

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: MUMBAI, MAHARASTRA, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2609297.pdf

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Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

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