Immune Cells in Fracture Healing

Registration ID: IJNRD_206777

Published ID: IJNRD2310236

DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.36614

Dharmendra Kumar , Ankit Sriwastava , Anand Kumar , Rahul Kirti Sharma , Vivek Kumar

Fracture healing, Immune cells, Bone regeneration, Non-union

Abstract: Fracture healing is a complex and dynamic biological process essential for the restoration of bone structure and function following injury. This paper delves into the intricate roles of immune cells throughout the stages of fracture healing, encompassing the inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. The immune system, comprising both innate and adaptive components, orchestrates the response to fractures, with immune cells like neutrophils, macrophages, T lymphocytes, and monocytes actively contributing to tissue repair and regeneration. In the inflammatory phase, neutrophils serve as the vanguard, swiftly clearing debris and pathogens, while macrophages coordinate the resolution of inflammation and release essential growth factors. Mast cells, though lesser known, also participate in this early response. During the proliferative phase, T lymphocytes and monocytes play vital roles in angiogenesis, fibroblast activation, and osteoblast function, all of which are crucial for successful healing. The final stage, the remodeling phase, witnesses a transition in immune cell activity from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory. Macrophages, in particular, assist in resolving inflammation. Moreover, immune cells regulate osteoclast activity and bone remodeling, ensuring the restoration of bone strength. Immune cells also engage with mesenchymal stem cells, further influencing the tissue regeneration process. This research holds promising implications for understanding non-union and delayed fracture healing, as well as for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies to enhance patient outcomes. However, the complexities of immune cell interactions require further investigation to translate these findings into clinical applications. Ultimately, this paper underscores the pivotal role of immune cells in fracture healing, offering a comprehensive understanding of the subject and its potential for advancing patient care and innovative therapies.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

Dharmendra Kumar, Ankit Sriwastava, Anand Kumar, Rahul Kirti Sharma, & Vivek Kumar (October-2023). Immune Cells in Fracture Healing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 8(10), c312-c316. http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.36614

Volume 8 Issue 10, October-2023

Pages : c312-c316

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_206777

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2310236

Downloads: 000122009

Research Area: Life Sciences 

Country: Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2310236.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2310236

Crossref DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.36614

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

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Call For Paper - Volume 10 | Issue 9 | September 2025

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