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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-4184 | Impact factor: 8.76 | ESTD Year: 2016 Scholarly open access journals, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 8.76 (Calculate by google scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool) , Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Indexing in all major database & Metadata, Citation Generator, Digital Object Identifier(DOI) |
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| Paper Title: | Impacts of HIV Subtype on Occurrence of the HIV - Dementia among the HIV Patients who are on HIV-1 Antiretroviral therapy in Dar es salaam and Njombe region, Tanzania |
| Authors Name: | Kigumi Hamimu Omary , Mmbaga Blandina Theophil, , Nyanda Elias Ntinginya , Olomi Willyhelmina, , Vianney John-Mary |
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| Author Reg. ID: |
IJNRD_213186
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| Published Paper Id: | IJNRD2402161 |
| Published In: | Volume 9 Issue 2, February-2024 |
| DOI: | |
| Abstract: | HIV/AIDS -dementia is a common complex condition that occurs to the patients infected with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with CD4 less than 200 cell/ml. HIV-Dementia occurs when the HIV virus spreads to the brain and Central nerve system. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can reduce the occurrence HIV dementia if timely initiated and properly used during the course of the treatment. We aimed to determine the relationship between Dementia and HIV subtype in people leaving with HIV (PLHIV) on HIV-1 ART. A hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in Njombe and Dar es salaam region in Tanzania. HIV-seropositive (HIV+) individuals who were on HIV -1 ART regimen from 2016 to 2021 were recruited in the study. Questionnaire and WHO AIDS-Dementia Assessment tool (2012) and The International HIV-Dementia Scale were used to assess the presence of dementia among the HIV patients on ART. All data gathered were entered in the SPSS version 26.0 for analysis and interpretation. Frequencies and Percentage was used to interpret data. Univariate Logistic regression and Chi-square were used to find the association of the occurrence of HIV dementia. A total of 300 PLHIV were recruited in the study, whereas, 140 (46.7%) were male and 160 (53.3%) female. The mean age of the participants was 35 (± 0.24) years and ranged from 15–90 years old. Overall, 132(44.0%) of the participants had dementia. The higher prevalence of dementia were observed in 59.2% participants with HIV-1/HIV-2 (PLHIV-1+2), 54.6% with HIV-2 (PLHIV-2) and 38.2% for participants with HIV-1 (PLHIV-1) infection . After adjusting age, sex, level of education, marital status, monthly income, occupation, baseline CD4, weight and baseline viral load; PLHIV-2 had 1.81 fold increased risk of dementia (RR 1.81, 95% CI 1.33 to 2.36) and PLHIV-1+2 had 1.71 fold high risk of dementia compared with PLHIV-1 infected (RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.29) compared with HIV-1 patients. Age, sex, level of education, marital status, monthly income and occupation were observed as perpetuating factors for occurrence of the HIV dementia. The study documented high risks of occurrence of the HIV dementia among the PLHIV-2 and PLHIV-1+2 participants Also the study observed age, sex , economic status and marital status as perpetuating for occurrence of HIV dementia. Therefore, the study recommend the use of the proper ART regimen for HIV-2 and HIV 1+2 dual infection to reduce the occurrence of the HIV-dementia among the HIV patients. |
| Keywords: | HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV 1+2 dual Infections, Dementia, Antiretroviral therapy |
| Cite Article: | "Impacts of HIV Subtype on Occurrence of the HIV - Dementia among the HIV Patients who are on HIV-1 Antiretroviral therapy in Dar es salaam and Njombe region, Tanzania", International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org), ISSN:2456-4184, Vol.9, Issue 2, page no.b481-b488, February-2024, Available :http://www.ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2402161.pdf |
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2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID:IJNRD2402161 Registration ID: 213186 Published In: Volume 9 Issue 2, February-2024 DOI (Digital Object Identifier): Page No: b481-b488 Country: Morogoro, Morogoro, Tanzania, United Republic of Research Area: Medical Science Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2402161 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2402161 |
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